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ATP as a transmitter can be released from injured cells
2021-09-24
ATP as a transmitter can be released from injured inhibitor price and sensory nerve endings (Sperlágh et al., 1995, Sperlágh et al., 1997, Sperlágh et al., 1998, Burnstock, 2013, Burnstock, 2014). ATP can activate the P2X3 receptor in the DRG neurons (Gao et al., 2011a; Xu et al., 2012). In DRG neu
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br Conclusion br Experimental procedures br Introduction The
2021-09-24
Conclusion Experimental procedures Introduction The glycine receptor (GlyR) is a member of the Cys-loop family of ligand-gated ion channels. It is the primary inhibitory receptor in the brainstem and spinal cord but also plays important roles in higher trp channel regions, including the hi
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Interruption of glucagon signaling pathway targeting glucago
2021-09-24
Interruption of glucagon signaling pathway targeting glucagon receptor (GCGR) by gene knockout, antisense oligonucleotides or specific antagonists induces α-cell hyperplasia and alleviates hyperglycemia and other metabolic symptoms in diabetic animals and patients [[7], [8], [9]]. Here we used a ful
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Besides its established insulinotropic actions GIP
2021-09-24
Besides its established insulinotropic actions, GIP has been shown to possess other direct beneficial effects on the beta cell, including stimulation of growth, differentiation, proliferation and survival.21, 22, 23 It has also been shown to stimulate proinsulin gene transcription and translation. M
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Knowing that our strongest phenotypic differences between
2021-09-24
Knowing that our strongest phenotypic differences between the genotypes involved feeding behavior in various contexts, we decided to examine the case of restricted feeding and food anticipatory activity. Animals faced with a restricted schedule of food availability develop a series of anticipatory b
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Caspase-4 Colorimetric Assay Kit sale The co crystal structu
2021-09-24
The co-crystal structure of GPR40 complexed with TAK-875 provided precise structural information for the rational design of novel GPR40 agonists. The key interactions between the carboxylate with the residues Arg183, Arg258, Tyr91 and Tyr240 of GPR40 were observed. And Trp174ECL2 was oriented nearly
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Type II diabetes is characterized by an inability to maintai
2021-09-24
Type II diabetes is characterized by an inability to maintain glucose homeostasis due to insulin desensitization and/or insufficient insulin secretion. GPR40, also known as free fatty resveratrol receptor 1 (FFAR1), is a member of the G-protein-coupled lipid-activated family of receptors and is prim
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1-Azakenpaullone Depletion of PI P e g by knockout of
2021-09-24
Depletion of PI(4,5)P2, e.g. by knockout of PIPKIγ, also profoundly inhibits SV endocytosis (Di Paolo et al., 2004). Conversely, loss of the PI(4,5)P2-metabolizing PI-phosphatase synaptojanin or its recruitor endophilin stalls SV recycling at the level of clathrin-coated vesicles (Bai et al., 2010,
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In the next set of experiments we sought to
2021-09-24
In the next set of experiments, we sought to determine the source of lysosomal Nexturastat A inhibition by oxidative stress. Lysosomal exocytosis probably involves multiple steps including vesicle positioning, delivery, docking and fusion. The previous evidence and data in Fig. 1C,D show that TRPML1
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br Discussion Considering cardiovascular risk
2021-09-24
Discussion Considering cardiovascular risk factors, there was a significant difference in prevalence of dyslipidemia in both groups, 57.5% in HIV-infected stroke patients compared to 8.9% in the HIV-uninfected patients. These results are similar to that of Chow et al. who found a dyslipidemia pre
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br Disclosures br Introduction The brown planthopper Nilapar
2021-09-23
Disclosures Introduction The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), is a classic insecticide-induced resurgent pest throughout Asian rice-growing regions (Chelliah and Heinrichs, 1980). The resurgence of N. lugens induced by commonly used chemical agents has bee
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br FFA GPR was deorphanised
2021-09-23
FFA4 GPR120 was deorphanised as the second receptor for long-chain fatty acids in 2005 [5]. Initial focus highlighted expression in the lower gut, the capacity of unsaturated fatty acids to promote release of the incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) from the enteroendocrine cell line STC-1, a
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br Redox regulation in the brain Reactive
2021-09-23
Redox regulation in the brain Reactive oxygen species are generated in Tanespimycin by the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which occurs on the inner mitochondrial membrane (Murphy, 2009, Jensen, 1966, Dickinson and Chang, 2011). Interestingly, although most cancer cells are thought to primarily
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br Ghrelin Ghrelin was purified from rat stomach about
2021-09-23
Ghrelin Ghrelin was purified from rat stomach about twenty years ago as a 28-amino MAPK Inhibitor Library synthesis octanoylated peptide and shown to be the endogenous ligand of the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue receptor (now termed GHSR1a, Howard et al., 1996, Kojima et al., 1999). GHSR1a is
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In an immunohistochemical analysis of gastric cancer samples
2021-09-23
In an immunohistochemical analysis of 117 gastric cancer samples, reduced Cx43 and E-cadherin expression were shown to contribute to the development of primary gastric cancer; however, increased Cx43 and E-cadherin expression contributed to lymph node metastasis [13]. In primary urothelial Azidobuty
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